初始版本

2025-12-26 13:42:22 +08:00
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+# 数据库模块说明
+
+本目录包含数据库相关的所有代码。
+
+## 文件说明
+
+- `app/models/` - 数据库模型定义（9个表）
+- `app/db/session.py` - 数据库连接和配置
+- `app/db/init_db.py` - 数据库初始化脚本
+
+## 安装依赖
+
+```bash
+pip install -r ../requirements.txt
+```
+
+## 初始化数据库
+
+### 首次创建数据库
+
+运行以下命令创建数据库表：
+
+```bash
+cd backend
+python -m app.db.init_db
+```
+
+或者从项目根目录运行：
+
+```bash
+python -m backend.app.db.init_db
+```
+
+执行后会在项目根目录生成 `blogweb.db` SQLite 数据库文件。
+
+### 模型更新后更新数据库
+
+⚠️ **重要提示**：`create_all()` 只会创建**不存在的表**，**不会修改已存在表的结构**。
+
+如果 models 有更新（添加字段、修改字段类型等），有两种方式：
+
+#### 方式1：重置数据库（开发环境推荐）
+
+⚠️ **会删除所有数据**，适合开发环境：
+
+```bash
+python -m app.db.init_db --reset
+```
+
+#### 方式2：使用数据库迁移工具（生产环境推荐）
+
+对于生产环境，建议使用 **Alembic** 进行数据库迁移：
+
+```bash
+# 安装 Alembic
+pip install alembic
+
+# 初始化迁移环境
+alembic init alembic
+
+# 生成迁移脚本
+alembic revision --autogenerate -m "描述变更"
+
+# 执行迁移
+alembic upgrade head
+```
+
+## 数据库表结构
+
+根据 `数据库设计说明.md` 创建了以下9个表：
+
+1. **users** - 用户账户信息
+2. **todos** - 待办事项列表
+3. **posts** - 博客文章
+4. **transactions** - 个人记账记录
+5. **media** - 书影音收藏条目
+6. **tags** - 媒体标签
+7. **media_tags** - 媒体与标签的多对多关联表
+8. **chat_messages** - 聊天室消息记录
+9. **uploads** - 用户上传的文件元数据
+
+## 使用示例
+
+在 FastAPI 应用中使用数据库：
+
+```python
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models import User, Todo
+from sqlmodel import Session, select
+
+# 在路由中使用
+@app.get("/users")
+def get_users(session: Session = Depends(get_db)):
+    statement = select(User)
+    users = session.exec(statement).all()
+    return users
+```
+
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""
+Backend 模块
+"""
+from .app.db.session import engine, get_db
+from .app.db.init_db import init_db, reset_db
+from .app.models import (
+    User, Todo, Post, Transaction, Media, Tag, MediaTag,
+    ChatMessage, Upload
+)
+
+# 为了向后兼容，保留 get_session 别名
+get_session = get_db
+
+__all__ = [
+    "engine",
+    "init_db",
+    "reset_db",
+    "get_db",
+    "get_session",
+    "User",
+    "Todo",
+    "Post",
+    "Transaction",
+    "Media",
+    "Tag",
+    "MediaTag",
+    "ChatMessage",
+    "Upload",
+]
+
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""
+FastAPI 应用包
+"""
+
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""
+API 路由模块
+"""
+
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""
+API v1 路由
+"""
+
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+"""
+API v1 路由聚合
+"""
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+from app.api.api_v1.endpoints import auth, todos, posts, users
+
+api_router = APIRouter()
+
+# 注册各个功能模块的路由
+api_router.include_router(auth.router, prefix="/auth", tags=["认证"])
+api_router.include_router(users.router, prefix="/users", tags=["用户"])
+api_router.include_router(todos.router, prefix="/todos", tags=["待办事项"])
+api_router.include_router(posts.router, prefix="/posts", tags=["博客"])
+
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""
+API 端点模块
+"""
+
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+"""
+博客文章相关 API 端点
+"""
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlmodel import Session, select
+from typing import List
+
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.post import Post
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.post import Post as PostSchema, PostCreate, PostUpdate
+from app.api.api_v1.endpoints.users import get_current_user
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/", response_model=PostSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+def create_post(
+    post_in: PostCreate,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """创建博客文章"""
+    # 检查 slug 是否已存在（同一用户）
+    statement = select(Post).where(
+        Post.slug == post_in.slug,
+        Post.user_id == current_user.id
+    )
+    existing_post = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if existing_post:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="该 slug 已存在"
+        )
+    
+    db_post = Post(
+        title=post_in.title,
+        slug=post_in.slug,
+        content=post_in.content,
+        user_id=current_user.id
+    )
+    db.add(db_post)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(db_post)
+    return db_post
+
+
+@router.get("/", response_model=List[PostSchema])
+def read_posts(
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """获取当前用户的博客文章列表"""
+    statement = (
+        select(Post)
+        .where(Post.user_id == current_user.id)
+        .offset(skip)
+        .limit(limit)
+    )
+    posts = db.exec(statement).all()
+    return posts
+
+
+@router.get("/{post_id}", response_model=PostSchema)
+def read_post(
+    post_id: int,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """获取单个博客文章"""
+    statement = select(Post).where(
+        Post.id == post_id,
+        Post.user_id == current_user.id
+    )
+    post = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if post is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="文章不存在"
+        )
+    return post
+
+
+@router.put("/{post_id}", response_model=PostSchema)
+def update_post(
+    post_id: int,
+    post_in: PostUpdate,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """更新博客文章"""
+    statement = select(Post).where(
+        Post.id == post_id,
+        Post.user_id == current_user.id
+    )
+    post = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if post is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="文章不存在"
+        )
+    
+    if post_in.title is not None:
+        post.title = post_in.title
+    if post_in.slug is not None:
+        post.slug = post_in.slug
+    if post_in.content is not None:
+        post.content = post_in.content
+    
+    from datetime import datetime
+    post.updated_at = datetime.now()
+    
+    db.add(post)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(post)
+    return post
+
+
+@router.delete("/{post_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+def delete_post(
+    post_id: int,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """删除博客文章"""
+    statement = select(Post).where(
+        Post.id == post_id,
+        Post.user_id == current_user.id
+    )
+    post = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if post is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="文章不存在"
+        )
+    
+    db.delete(post)
+    db.commit()
+    return None
+
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+"""
+待办事项相关 API 端点
+"""
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlmodel import Session, select
+from typing import List
+
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.todo import Todo
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.todo import Todo as TodoSchema, TodoCreate, TodoUpdate
+from app.api.api_v1.endpoints.users import get_current_user
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/", response_model=TodoSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+def create_todo(
+    todo_in: TodoCreate,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """创建待办事项"""
+    db_todo = Todo(
+        title=todo_in.title,
+        user_id=current_user.id
+    )
+    db.add(db_todo)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(db_todo)
+    return db_todo
+
+
+@router.get("/", response_model=List[TodoSchema])
+def read_todos(
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """获取当前用户的待办事项列表"""
+    statement = (
+        select(Todo)
+        .where(Todo.user_id == current_user.id)
+        .offset(skip)
+        .limit(limit)
+    )
+    todos = db.exec(statement).all()
+    return todos
+
+
+@router.get("/{todo_id}", response_model=TodoSchema)
+def read_todo(
+    todo_id: int,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """获取单个待办事项"""
+    statement = select(Todo).where(
+        Todo.id == todo_id,
+        Todo.user_id == current_user.id
+    )
+    todo = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if todo is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="待办事项不存在"
+        )
+    return todo
+
+
+@router.put("/{todo_id}", response_model=TodoSchema)
+def update_todo(
+    todo_id: int,
+    todo_in: TodoUpdate,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """更新待办事项"""
+    statement = select(Todo).where(
+        Todo.id == todo_id,
+        Todo.user_id == current_user.id
+    )
+    todo = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if todo is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="待办事项不存在"
+        )
+    
+    if todo_in.title is not None:
+        todo.title = todo_in.title
+    if todo_in.done is not None:
+        todo.done = todo_in.done
+    
+    db.add(todo)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(todo)
+    return todo
+
+
+@router.delete("/{todo_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+def delete_todo(
+    todo_id: int,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+):
+    """删除待办事项"""
+    statement = select(Todo).where(
+        Todo.id == todo_id,
+        Todo.user_id == current_user.id
+    )
+    todo = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if todo is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="待办事项不存在"
+        )
+    
+    db.delete(todo)
+    db.commit()
+    return None
+
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""
+用户相关 API 端点
+"""
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlmodel import Session, select
+from typing import List
+
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.user import User as UserSchema
+from app.core.security import decode_access_token
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+
+router = APIRouter()
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/api/v1/auth/login")
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db)
+) -> User:
+    """获取当前登录用户"""
+    payload = decode_access_token(token)
+    if payload is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="无效的认证凭据",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    
+    username: str = payload.get("sub")
+    if username is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="无效的认证凭据",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    
+    statement = select(User).where(User.username == username)
+    user = db.exec(statement).first()
+    if user is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="用户不存在",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    
+    return user
+
+
+@router.get("/me", response_model=UserSchema)
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    """获取当前用户信息"""
+    return current_user
+
+
+@router.get("/", response_model=List[UserSchema])
+def read_users(skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
+    """获取用户列表（示例端点）"""
+    statement = select(User).offset(skip).limit(limit)
+    users = db.exec(statement).all()
+    return users
+
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+"""
+核心配置模块
+"""
+from .config import settings
+from .security import get_password_hash, verify_password, create_access_token
+
+__all__ = [
+    "settings",
+    "get_password_hash",
+    "verify_password",
+    "create_access_token",
+]
+
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""
+安全相关功能：密码哈希、JWT 令牌等
+"""
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Optional
+from jose import JWTError, jwt
+from passlib.context import CryptContext
+from .config import settings
+
+# 密码加密上下文
+pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password: str) -> str:
+    """生成密码哈希"""
+    return pwd_context.hash(password)
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password: str, hashed_password: str) -> bool:
+    """验证密码"""
+    return pwd_context.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Optional[timedelta] = None) -> str:
+    """创建 JWT 访问令牌"""
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(minutes=settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, settings.SECRET_KEY, algorithm=settings.ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+def decode_access_token(token: str) -> Optional[dict]:
+    """解码 JWT 令牌"""
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, settings.SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[settings.ALGORITHM])
+        return payload
+    except JWTError:
+        return None
+
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+数据库模块
+"""
+from .base import Base
+from .session import engine, SessionLocal, get_db
+from .init_db import init_db, reset_db
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Base",
+    "engine",
+    "SessionLocal",
+    "get_db",
+    "init_db",
+    "reset_db",
+]
+
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+"""
+数据库初始化脚本
+运行此脚本创建数据库表结构
+
+用法:
+    python -m app.db.init_db          # 创建表（如果表已存在则跳过）
+    python -m app.db.init_db --reset  # 删除所有表后重新创建（⚠️ 会丢失数据）
+"""
+import sys
+import argparse
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel
+
+from app.db.session import engine
+from app.db.base import Base  # 这会导入所有模型
+
+# 导入所有模型以确保表被注册
+from app.models import (
+    User, Todo, Post, Transaction, Media, Tag, MediaTag,
+    ChatMessage, Upload
+)
+
+
+def init_db() -> None:
+    """初始化数据库，创建所有表"""
+    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
+    print("✅ 数据库表创建完成")
+
+
+def reset_db() -> None:
+    """重置数据库：删除所有表后重新创建（⚠️ 会丢失所有数据）"""
+    print("⚠️  警告：将删除所有表和数据！")
+    SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
+    print("✅ 已删除所有表")
+    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
+    print("✅ 已重新创建所有表")
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """初始化数据库"""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="初始化数据库")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--reset",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="删除所有表后重新创建（⚠️ 会丢失所有数据）"
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    
+    if args.reset:
+        print("🔄 重置模式：将删除所有表后重新创建...")
+        reset_db()
+    else:
+        print("📦 创建模式：创建不存在的表...")
+        init_db()
+    
+    print(f"\n✅ 数据库表操作完成！")
+    print(f"数据库文件位置: {engine.url}")
+    
+    # 显示创建的表
+    print("\n数据库中的表:")
+    tables = [
+        "users", "todos", "posts", "transactions", 
+        "media", "tags", "media_tags", 
+        "chat_messages", "uploads"
+    ]
+    for table in tables:
+        print(f"  - {table}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""
+数据库会话管理
+"""
+from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlmodel import Session
+from typing import Generator
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+# 创建数据库引擎
+engine: Engine = create_engine(
+    settings.DATABASE_URL,
+    connect_args={"check_same_thread": False},  # SQLite 需要此参数
+    echo=True  # 开发环境显示SQL语句，生产环境设为False
+)
+
+
+def get_db() -> Generator[Session, None, None]:
+    """获取数据库会话（用于依赖注入）"""
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        yield session
+
+
+# 为了向后兼容，保留 SessionLocal 别名
+SessionLocal = Session
+
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# 初始数据模块
+
+此目录用于存放数据库初始化时的示例数据脚本。
+
+## 使用说明
+
+在数据库初始化后，可以运行此模块中的脚本来插入示例数据，方便开发和测试。
+
+## 示例
+
+```python
+from app.db.session import SessionLocal
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.core.security import get_password_hash
+
+def init_data():
+    db = SessionLocal()
+    # 创建示例用户等
+    ...
+```
+
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""
+初始数据模块
+用于数据库初始化时插入示例数据
+"""
+
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""
+FastAPI 应用主入口
+"""
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.api.api_v1.api import api_router
+
+# 创建 FastAPI 应用实例
+app = FastAPI(
+    title=settings.PROJECT_NAME,
+    version=settings.VERSION,
+    openapi_url=f"{settings.API_V1_STR}/openapi.json",
+)
+
+# 配置 CORS
+if settings.BACKEND_CORS_ORIGINS:
+    app.add_middleware(
+        CORSMiddleware,
+        allow_origins=[str(origin) for origin in settings.BACKEND_CORS_ORIGINS],
+        allow_credentials=True,
+        allow_methods=["*"],
+        allow_headers=["*"],
+    )
+
+# 注册 API 路由
+app.include_router(api_router, prefix=settings.API_V1_STR)
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+def root():
+    """根路径"""
+    return {
+        "message": "欢迎使用个人博客网站 API",
+        "version": settings.VERSION,
+        "docs": "/docs",
+        "api": settings.API_V1_STR
+    }
+
+
+@app.get("/health")
+def health_check():
+    """健康检查"""
+    return {"status": "ok"}
+
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""
+数据库模型模块
+"""
+from .user import User
+from .todo import Todo
+from .post import Post
+from .transaction import Transaction
+from .media import Media, Tag, MediaTag
+from .chat import ChatMessage
+from .upload import Upload
+
+__all__ = [
+    "User",
+    "Todo",
+    "Post",
+    "Transaction",
+    "Media",
+    "Tag",
+    "MediaTag",
+    "ChatMessage",
+    "Upload",
+]
+
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+"""
+书影音收藏模型
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field, Relationship
+from .user import User
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .tag import Tag
+else:
+    Tag = "Tag"
+
+
+class MediaTag(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """媒体-标签关联表"""
+    __tablename__ = "media_tags"
+    
+    media_id: int = Field(foreign_key="media.id", primary_key=True)
+    tag_id: int = Field(foreign_key="tags.id", primary_key=True)
+
+
+class Media(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """书影音收藏表"""
+    __tablename__ = "media"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    title: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    media_type: str = Field(max_length=20)  # book / movie / music
+    rating: Optional[float] = Field(default=None, ge=0.0, le=5.0)
+    comment: Optional[str] = Field(default=None)
+    external_id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=100)  # ISBN、IMDb ID等
+    cover_url: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=300)
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+    tags: list["Tag"] = Relationship(back_populates="media", link_model="MediaTag")
+
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""
+博客文章模型
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field, Relationship
+from .user import User
+
+
+class Post(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """博客文章表"""
+    __tablename__ = "posts"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    title: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    slug: str = Field(max_length=200, index=True)
+    content: str  # 支持 Markdown
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    updated_at: Optional[datetime] = Field(default=None)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""
+媒体标签模型
+"""
+from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field, Relationship
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .media import Media, MediaTag
+else:
+    Media = "Media"
+    MediaTag = "MediaTag"
+
+
+class Tag(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """媒体标签表"""
+    __tablename__ = "tags"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    name: str = Field(max_length=50, unique=True, index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    media: list["Media"] = Relationship(back_populates="tags", link_model="MediaTag")
+
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""
+待办事项模型
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field, Relationship
+from .user import User
+
+
+class Todo(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """待办事项表"""
+    __tablename__ = "todos"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    title: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    done: bool = Field(default=False)
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系（可选，用于ORM查询）
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+记账记录模型
+"""
+from datetime import date
+from typing import Optional
+from decimal import Decimal
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field, Relationship, Column
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from .user import User
+
+
+class Transaction(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """记账记录表"""
+    __tablename__ = "transactions"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    amount: Decimal = Field(sa_column=Column(Numeric(10, 2)))  # 正数为收入，负数为支出
+    category: str = Field(max_length=50)
+    description: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=200)
+    date: date
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+文件上传模型
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field, Relationship
+from .user import User
+
+
+class Upload(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """文件上传记录表"""
+    __tablename__ = "uploads"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    filename: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    stored_path: str = Field(max_length=300)
+    file_size: int  # 字节数
+    mime_type: str = Field(max_length=100)
+    uploaded_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    expires_at: Optional[datetime] = Field(default=None)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+"""
+用户模型
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field
+
+
+class User(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """用户表"""
+    __tablename__ = "users"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    username: str = Field(max_length=50, unique=True, index=True)
+    email: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=100, unique=True, index=True)
+    hashed_password: str
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""
+Pydantic 模式定义
+用于 API 请求和响应的数据验证
+"""
+
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"""
+博客文章相关的 Pydantic 模式
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class PostBase(BaseModel):
+    """博客文章基础模式"""
+    title: str
+    slug: str
+    content: str
+
+
+class PostCreate(PostBase):
+    """创建博客文章请求模式"""
+    pass
+
+
+class PostUpdate(BaseModel):
+    """更新博客文章请求模式"""
+    title: Optional[str] = None
+    slug: Optional[str] = None
+    content: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class PostInDB(PostBase):
+    """数据库中的博客文章模式"""
+    id: int
+    created_at: datetime
+    updated_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    user_id: int
+    
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+
+
+class Post(PostInDB):
+    """博客文章响应模式"""
+    pass
+
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""
+待办事项相关的 Pydantic 模式
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class TodoBase(BaseModel):
+    """待办事项基础模式"""
+    title: str
+
+
+class TodoCreate(TodoBase):
+    """创建待办事项请求模式"""
+    pass
+
+
+class TodoUpdate(BaseModel):
+    """更新待办事项请求模式"""
+    title: Optional[str] = None
+    done: Optional[bool] = None
+
+
+class TodoInDB(TodoBase):
+    """数据库中的待办事项模式"""
+    id: int
+    done: bool
+    created_at: datetime
+    user_id: int
+    
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+
+
+class Todo(TodoInDB):
+    """待办事项响应模式"""
+    pass
+
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+"""
+用户相关的 Pydantic 模式
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr
+
+
+class UserBase(BaseModel):
+    """用户基础模式"""
+    username: str
+    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
+
+
+class UserCreate(UserBase):
+    """创建用户请求模式"""
+    password: str
+
+
+class UserUpdate(BaseModel):
+    """更新用户请求模式"""
+    username: Optional[str] = None
+    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
+    password: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(UserBase):
+    """数据库中的用户模式"""
+    id: int
+    created_at: datetime
+    
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+
+
+class User(UserInDB):
+    """用户响应模式（不包含敏感信息）"""
+    pass
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    """JWT 令牌响应模式"""
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str = "bearer"
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    """令牌数据模式"""
+    username: Optional[str] = None
+
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+"""
+数据库模型定义
+使用 SQLModel 定义所有表结构
+"""
+from datetime import datetime, date
+from typing import Optional
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, Field, Relationship, Column
+from sqlalchemy import Numeric
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+
+# ==================== 用户表 ====================
+class User(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """用户表"""
+    __tablename__ = "users"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    username: str = Field(max_length=50, unique=True, index=True)
+    email: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=100, unique=True, index=True)
+    hashed_password: str
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+
+
+# ==================== 待办事项表 ====================
+class Todo(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """待办事项表"""
+    __tablename__ = "todos"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    title: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    done: bool = Field(default=False)
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系（可选，用于ORM查询）
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
+
+# ==================== 博客文章表 ====================
+class Post(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """博客文章表"""
+    __tablename__ = "posts"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    title: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    slug: str = Field(max_length=200, index=True)
+    content: str  # 支持 Markdown
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    updated_at: Optional[datetime] = Field(default=None)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
+
+# ==================== 记账记录表 ====================
+class Transaction(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """记账记录表"""
+    __tablename__ = "transactions"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    amount: Decimal = Field(sa_column=Column(Numeric(10, 2)))  # 正数为收入，负数为支出
+    category: str = Field(max_length=50)
+    description: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=200)
+    date: date
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
+
+# ==================== 媒体-标签关联表（多对多）====================
+class MediaTag(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """媒体-标签关联表"""
+    __tablename__ = "media_tags"
+    
+    media_id: int = Field(foreign_key="media.id", primary_key=True)
+    tag_id: int = Field(foreign_key="tags.id", primary_key=True)
+
+
+# ==================== 书影音收藏表 ====================
+class Media(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """书影音收藏表"""
+    __tablename__ = "media"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    title: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    media_type: str = Field(max_length=20)  # book / movie / music
+    rating: Optional[float] = Field(default=None, ge=0.0, le=5.0)
+    comment: Optional[str] = Field(default=None)
+    external_id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=100)  # ISBN、IMDb ID等
+    cover_url: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, max_length=300)
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+    tags: list["Tag"] = Relationship(back_populates="media", link_model=MediaTag)
+
+
+# ==================== 媒体标签表 ====================
+class Tag(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """媒体标签表"""
+    __tablename__ = "tags"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    name: str = Field(max_length=50, unique=True, index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    media: list[Media] = Relationship(back_populates="tags", link_model=MediaTag)
+
+
+# ==================== 聊天消息表 ====================
+class ChatMessage(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """聊天消息表"""
+    __tablename__ = "chat_messages"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    content: str
+    sent_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    room: str = Field(max_length=50, default="main", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+
+
+# ==================== 文件上传记录表 ====================
+class Upload(SQLModel, table=True):
+    """文件上传记录表"""
+    __tablename__ = "uploads"
+    
+    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+    filename: str = Field(max_length=200)
+    stored_path: str = Field(max_length=300)
+    file_size: int  # 字节数
+    mime_type: str = Field(max_length=100)
+    uploaded_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now)
+    expires_at: Optional[datetime] = Field(default=None)
+    user_id: int = Field(foreign_key="users.id", index=True)
+    
+    # 关系
+    user: Optional[User] = Relationship()
+